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	<title>Centre for Romanian Studies &#187; OPINION</title>
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		<title>Domnikios et Tovaras</title>
		<link>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2012/01/domnikios-et-tovaras/</link>
		<comments>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2012/01/domnikios-et-tovaras/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 15 Jan 2012 12:27:02 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[OPINION]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[PEOPLE]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[quotations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Translations]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA["Constantin Roman"]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA["Radu Portocala"]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Domnikio]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Tovaras]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/?p=3625</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Mais il y a une chose bien plus profonde qui distingue les Domnikios des Tovaras : c’est le sens même de parvenu du nom « Tovaras », le fait que celui-ci ne puisse être rattaché à aucune tradition. Car l’étymologie de « Tovaras » n’est nullement latine, mais slave, et les Slaves sont arrivés tard dans ces lointaines contrées, très tard dans l’histoire de Domnikia. Ce sont les Slaves qui ont donné le nom « Tovaras » aux serfs sans nom, car ils semblaient peu engageants et ainsi ils les ont appelé « Tovaritch ». En fait, avant que les Slaves n’envahissent Domnikia, on appelait toujours les fils sans nom des traînées avec un court et tranchant : « Hé, toi ! », et les serfs rampaient avec empressement vers leurs maîtres. Mais, maintenant, que leurs terres avaient été piétinées et leurs attributs diminués, les Domnikios, qui ont toujours et de manière congénitale zézayé, ont édicté que les serfs devaient recevoir le nom de « Tovaras », comme une sorte d'acceptation de mauvaise grâce de l’intrusion slave dans les affaires féodales de la principauté domnikienne.

Et c’est ainsi que les malheurs ont commencé, et que les digues de l’Enfer se sont rompues, et nous allions assister à des siècles de guerres civiles entre les Domnikios et les Tovaras, que, de temps à autre, entrecoupaient de brèves périodes de coexistence durant lesquelles tous retenaient leur souffle.

En Français par Radu PORTOCALA
© Romanian Studies Centre, London 2003 &#038;
© Constantin ROMAN
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Dacians_bearing_the_draco_on_Trajans_Column.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Dacians_bearing_the_draco_on_Trajans_Column.jpg" alt="" title="Dacians_bearing_the_draco_on_Trajan&#039;s_Column" width="848" height="760" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3628" /></a></p>
<p><strong>Domnikios et Tovaras<br />
</strong></p>
<p><strong>Les Domnikios</strong> ont été des seigneurs depuis des temps immémoriaux : ils sont toujours venus au monde pour être des seigneurs. En vérité, ils se vantaient de descendre en droite ligne des empereurs byzantins et, à travers eux, d’une foule d’empereurs romains et de figures mythiques de l’Ancien Testament, allant ainsi jusqu’à Adam. À une époque plus récente, celle dont le souvenir garde la trace, il a été reconnu que les Domnikios ont continûment régné sur la principauté de Domnikia, quelque part dans les terres sauvages du tourbillon balkanique — et ce n’est qu’un débat académique que de savoir si la principauté de Domnikia a ainsi été nommée d’après les Domnikios, ou si, au contraire, les Domnikios ont emprunté ce nom aux terres sur lesquelles, des siècles durant, ils on régné sans partage en Despotes ou DOMNI. Car il y a ici un autre mystère quant à l’origine de ce nom dont les Domnikios sont si fiers : leurs hagiographes affirment sans l’ombre d’un doute que le mot « Domnikios » proviendrait du mot latin DOMINUS, contracté, des siècles plus tard, en « DOMN », ce qui signifie « seigneur » dans la langue vernaculaire domnikienne. Et cela démontre avec force que les Domnikios étaient destinés à être des chefs. Mieux encore : comme le latin « Dominus » signifie « Dieu », l’ancienneté domnikienne implique le fait qu’au début, ils étaient aussi des Dieux, ou des Dieux-régnants à Domnikia. Ainsi le veut la tradition depuis la plus haute antiquité, lorsque les attributs des souverains absolus se confondaient toujours avec ceux de la divinité. C’est pour cela que les prières orthodoxes domniqiennes s’ouvrent à chaque fois sur la phrase :</p>
<p>« Au commencement, ce fut Domn, et Domn était Dieu, et Dieu était Roi, et ils n’étaient qu’une et unique Foi, et cette Foi s’appelait Domnikios, le Dieu-Roi qui régnait sur Domnikia. »</p>
<p><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/eye-of-god-symbol.png"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/eye-of-god-symbol.png" alt="" title="eye-of-god-symbol" width="750" height="600" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3633" /></a></p>
<p>Rien ne saurait être plus différent des Domnikios que les Tovaras : ceux-ci n’avaient ni ancêtres ni histoire — ils étaient des parvenus. En fait, les Tovaras savaient — et, à leur tour, les Domnikios ne le savaient que trop bien — que les Tovaras étaient contemporains des Domnikios, puisqu’ils avaient été créés à la même époque, et que leur destin était d’être « le sel de la terre » mais qu’ils étaient devenus les esclaves perpétuels des Domni. Mais les Tovaras ne pouvaient le prouver, car ils n’avaient jamais eu une terre à eux, leur progéniture ne portaient pas des noms patronymiques, ils n’avaient jamais été mentionnés par les chroniques de la principauté domnikienne et, par conséquent, les Tovaras, tout simplement, « n’existaient pas ». Les enfants des Tovaras naissaient toujours esclaves, ils portaient toujours le nom de leurs mères, parce qu’ils ne savaient jamais qui était le père. En revanche, de temps à autre, on pouvait leur permettre de porter le nom de l’endroit où ils étaient venus au monde sur les terres domnikiennes. Mais, en dépit de ces circonstances, les Domnikios ne pouvaient survivre sans les Tovaras, car, ainsi que le veut l’ancienne sagesse, chaque chef a, par définition, besoin d’un serf, tout comme chaque fouet de cirque, afin de justifier sa raison d’exister, a besoin d’un lion dressé.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Trajan-viewing-his-soldiers-ghoulish-trophies-Trajans-Column1.png"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Trajan-viewing-his-soldiers-ghoulish-trophies-Trajans-Column1.png" alt="" title="Trajan-viewing-his-soldiers-ghoulish-trophies-Trajans-Column" width="800" height="600" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-3629" /></a></p>
<p>Mais il y a une chose bien plus profonde qui distingue les Domnikios des Tovaras : c’est le sens même de parvenu du nom « Tovaras », le fait que celui-ci ne puisse être rattaché à aucune tradition. Car l’étymologie de « Tovaras » n’est nullement latine, mais slave, et les Slaves sont arrivés tard dans ces lointaines contrées, très tard dans l’histoire de Domnikia. Ce sont les Slaves qui ont donné le nom « Tovaras » aux serfs sans nom, car ils semblaient peu engageants et ainsi ils les ont appelé « Tovaritch ». En fait, avant que les Slaves n’envahissent Domnikia, on appelait toujours les fils sans nom des traînées avec un court et tranchant : « Hé, toi ! », et les serfs rampaient avec empressement vers leurs maîtres. Mais, maintenant, que leurs terres avaient été piétinées et leurs attributs diminués, les Domnikios, qui ont toujours et de manière congénitale zézayé, ont édicté que les serfs devaient recevoir le nom de « Tovaras », comme une sorte d&#8217;acceptation de mauvaise grâce de l’intrusion slave dans les affaires féodales de la principauté domnikienne.</p>
<p>Et c’est ainsi que les malheurs ont commencé, et que les digues de l’Enfer se sont rompues, et nous allions assister à des siècles de guerres civiles entre les Domnikios et les Tovaras, que, de temps à autre, entrecoupaient de brèves périodes de coexistence durant lesquelles tous retenaient leur souffle.</p>
<p>En Français par Radu PORTOCALA<br />
© Romanian Studies Centre, London 2003 &#038;<br />
© Constantin ROMAN</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>HM King Mihai I de Romania 2011 Christmas Message to the Romanian People</title>
		<link>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/12/3579/</link>
		<comments>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/12/3579/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 25 Dec 2011 09:35:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>editor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Diaspora]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA["HM King Mihai I de Romania"]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[2011]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Christmas]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/?p=3579</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<strong>HM King Mihai I de Romania 2011 Christmas Message to the Romanian People
</strong>
In 1940, after the departure of my father, I addressed you for the first time, on New Year’s Eve. I was, then, nineteen-years old, and our Country and, indeed, the whole Continent, were at war. 

Today, from la Săvârşin, I am sending you my message, after seventy years of a nearly unbroken tradition. From Bucharest, Sinaia, Versoix, or from Săvârşin my message is addressed to you with the same love, care, respect and hope. In this year of 2011, the same as it happened during my childhood years, or during the trying years of the War, grandparents, parents and children gather, around the Christmas tree, offering gifts, sharing the Christmas repast and being close to the dear ones.
During 2011, I met Romanians from all corners of our country and indeed from Europe. The festivities during the 90th year jubilee gave me the opportunity of meeting thousands of Romanians, who came to Săvârşin or Elisabeta Palace for a celebration which inspired the whole country. This proof of affection and love, crowned by the address given from Parliament to the Romanian Nation had the effect of soothing
the sufferings and shortcomings which we confronted during past decades. 
The Queen and I are happy to gather our family around us and acknowledge all that our children and grandchildren endeavored so that the role of the Royal House may continue, for the good of Romania. The nativity of Our Lord, Jesus Christ, is indeed a family history, a family tried by difficult times, a beautiful lesson about the care given to ordinary people, just as ourselves are part of a greater family. This is a lesson not only  of humility, but of pride, of pain as it is of an uplifting sentiment of humanity. In today’s world, this is a much-needed example, when so many people feel forgotten, humiliated or misunderstood.
As the New Year approaches, we wish it to be better than the year past. I have no doubt that we shall experience times of uncertainty and much left to be desired. Yet, we shall never have a chance to secure a safe path for the new generations if we always leave it to others to take care of our responsibilities.

This time of the year, my thoughts go to the Romanian soldiers, who risk their lives and their families’ happiness for the good of the Country. All my thoughts are extended to those who feel abandoned, unloved, or who are unwell. I address my good wishes to those Romanians who know that they contributed something worthwhile for the progress of their country. For the year 2012, I wish the Romanian people and those dearest to them, young and old, living within or without the boundaries of our country, a Happy Christmas, a peaceable spirit and many happy wishes to be shared by those dearest to them.
So help me God!
Mihai R.
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="attachment_3582" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 203px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/iHM-King-Mihai-I.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/iHM-King-Mihai-I.jpg" alt="" title="HM King Mihai I" width="193" height="261" class="size-full wp-image-3582" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">H.M. King Mihai I de Romania</p></div>
<p><strong>HM King Mihai I de Romania 2011 Christmas Message to the Romanian People<br />
</strong><br />
In 1940, after the departure of my father, I addressed you for the first time, on New Year’s Eve. I was, then, nineteen-years old, and our Country and, indeed, the whole Continent, were at war. </p>
<p>Today, from la Săvârşin, I am sending you my message, after seventy years of a nearly unbroken tradition. From Bucharest, Sinaia, Versoix, or from Săvârşin my message is addressed to you with the same love, care, respect and hope.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/regele_mihai_i_de_romania.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/regele_mihai_i_de_romania-300x244.jpg" alt="" title="Former Romanian King Michael waves to supporters from the terrace of the Elisabeta Palace in Bucharest" width="300" height="244" class="aligncenter size-medium wp-image-3583" /></a></p>
<p>The passing of the years enables one to see how things had evolved and what had remained unchanged. Something which remained unaltered, in the life of Romanians, is the importance given by each family to Christmas and the New Year. The same festive thrill, the same wish to do good, to open one’s spirit to the miracle of the birth of Christ. During the last decade, at Săvârşin, our Family was able to enjoy the same folk traditions and family spirit which remained almost unaltered.</p>
<p>In this year of 2011, the same as it happened during my childhood years, or during the trying years of the War, grandparents, parents and children gather, around the Christmas tree, offering gifts, sharing the Christmas repast and being close to the dear ones.<br />
During 2011, I met Romanians from all corners of our country and indeed from Europe. The festivities during the 90th year jubilee gave me the opportunity of meeting thousands of Romanians, who came to Săvârşin or Elisabeta Palace for a celebration which inspired the whole country. This proof of affection and love, crowned by the address given from Parliament to the Romanian Nation had the effect of soothing<br />
the sufferings and shortcomings which we confronted during past decades.<br />
The Queen and I are happy to gather our family around us and acknowledge all that our children and grandchildren endeavored so that the role of the Royal House may continue, for the good of Romania. The nativity of Our Lord, Jesus Christ, is indeed a family history, a family tried by difficult times, a beautiful lesson about the care given to ordinary people, just as ourselves are part of a greater family. This is a lesson not only  of humility, but of pride, of pain as it is of an uplifting sentiment of humanity. In today’s world, this is a much-needed example, when so many people feel forgotten, humiliated or misunderstood.</p>
<p>As the New Year approaches, we wish it to be better than the year past. I have no doubt that we shall experience times of uncertainty and much left to be desired. Yet, we shall never have a chance to secure a safe path for the new generations if we always leave it to others to take care of our responsibilities.</p>
<p>This time of the year, my thoughts go to the Romanian soldiers, who risk their lives and their families’ happiness for the good of the Country. All my thoughts are extended to those who feel abandoned, unloved, or who are unwell. I address my good wishes to those Romanians who know that they contributed something worthwhile for the progress of their country. For the year 2012, I wish the Romanian people and those dearest to them, young and old, living within or without the boundaries of our country, a Happy Christmas, a peaceable spirit and many happy wishes to be shared by those dearest to them.<br />
So help me God!<br />
Mihai R.</p>
<div id="attachment_3586" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 270px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/521px-kingdom_of_romania.png"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/521px-kingdom_of_romania-260x300.png" alt="" title="521px-kingdom_of_romania" width="260" height="300" class="size-medium wp-image-3586" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Romanian Royal Coat of Arms</p></div>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Why I love Shoreditch</title>
		<link>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/10/why-i-love-shoreditch/</link>
		<comments>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/10/why-i-love-shoreditch/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 17 Oct 2011 10:32:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>editor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Diaspora]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[PEOPLE]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA["Street Art"]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Shoreditch]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/?p=3499</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[There are so many reasons why I love Shoreditch: the braggards, the hipsters, the charity mums, the Sunday flower market jaunters. Shoreditch is not just a pastiche; it is a living organism that with every day awakes, kicking and screaming to life, reminding the world of what a unique, if somewhat troublesome child it is.

But for all the reasons I love Shoreditch, there is truly only one that pins my heart to a hoarding on Great Eastern Street, announcing to the passing crowds of out-of-town commuters and lorry drivers alike that this is the place of my soul; and that is the sprayed up, pasted-over and fucked-up walls of the hallowed triangle and its periphery.
For as many years as I have worked in the area, and eventually come to live in, I have been inspired to document the activities of each and every ne’er do well that sees fit to climb out of bed at a god-forsaken hour and crawl through the darkened back streets and passages for the sake of their art, for ‘as the city sleeps, the walls they weep’.
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="attachment_3498" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 235px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/P11405181.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/P11405181-225x300.jpg" alt="" title="P1140518" width="225" height="300" class="size-medium wp-image-3498" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Street Art: Shoreditch by Night</p></div><br />
<strong>Vincent Roman – Why I Love Shoreditch<br />
</strong><br />
There are so many reasons why I love Shoreditch: the braggards, the hipsters, the charity mums, the Sunday flower market jaunters. Shoreditch is not just a pastiche; it is a living organism that with every day awakes, kicking and screaming to life, reminding the world of what a unique, if somewhat troublesome child it is.</p>
<p>But for all the reasons I love Shoreditch, there is truly only one that pins my heart to a hoarding on Great Eastern Street, announcing to the passing crowds of out-of-town commuters and lorry drivers alike that this is the place of my soul; and that is the sprayed up, pasted-over and fucked-up walls of the hallowed triangle and its periphery.</p>
<p>For as many years as I have worked in the area, and eventually come to live in, I have been inspired to document the activities of each and every ne’er do well that sees fit to climb out of bed at a god-forsaken hour and crawl through the darkened back streets and passages for the sake of their art, for ‘as the city sleeps, the walls they weep’.</p>
<p>Who could forget the likes of Paul Le Chien and his 3 metre high penis adorning the side of Starbucks by the Old Street roundabout, or the street conversations starting with ‘love don’t pay the rent’.  It’s these piffy statements on life according to the Shoreditch triangle that make it a unique spot in London, with the soon to be gone Foundry at its heart, which hopefully won’t take the spirit of the ‘Ditch with it as the inevitable wrecking ball hits.</p>
<p>It may well be that the council, alongside developers, is taking a heavy hand to the ‘hood, and the graffiti contained therein, but Shoreditch was, and remains, the place in which Banksy cut his teeth in London, and which saw his ‘battles’ with Eine. And of course, when other battles ensued, and the likes of Damien Hirst threw the legal book at a ‘young upstart vandal’, the crews closed ranks with their own, and fought back!</p>
<p>Despite the negative effects of gentrification and the mass of graff that marks out the railway lines on the way up north, or that spans the walls of the Regent’s Canal and other quarters, I still like to think that Shoreditch is the spiritual home of graffiti in the capital. And with the likes of Cept, Sweettoof, Gold Peg, Mighty Mo and the rest of the Burning Candy crew still plying their trade, alongside upcoming stars like Malarky, the walls of Shoreditch are very much alive and singing!</p>
<p>From the earliest times, when hordes flocked to the Curtain Theatre at the London city limits, till the ever present moment, Shoreditch has been a creative force in the beating heart of London, and graffiti is just another beautiful facet of that.  Graffiti and street art might be one man’s scourge, but it means so many things to so many different people. And to me it makes Shoreditch the inspiration that it is, and is very much part of the place I have come to love and call my home.<br />
Vincent Roman</p>
<p>Vincent is a full-time Shoreditch resident, part-time graff head, and some-time troublemaker living within the confines of the proverbial Hoxditch ‘loony bin’.  Whether shooting graffiti or sipping Allpress lattes, he can be found wandering through the streets with his own inimitable blend of East London swagger.</p>
<p>Article published in:</p>
<p>http://madeinshoreditch.co.uk/2011/10/17/vincent-roman-why-i-love-shoreditch/</p>
<p><div id="attachment_3503" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 235px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/P1140523.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/P1140523-225x300.jpg" alt="" title="P1140523" width="225" height="300" class="size-medium wp-image-3503" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Shoreditch by Night</p></div>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Poetry in English (XCIV): Constantin ROMAN &#8211; &#8220;Ode to a British Chicken&#8221;</title>
		<link>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/10/poetry-in-english-xciv-constantin-roman-ode-to-a-british-chicken-2/</link>
		<comments>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/10/poetry-in-english-xciv-constantin-roman-ode-to-a-british-chicken-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 13 Oct 2011 11:24:13 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>editor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Diaspora]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Poetry in English (XCIV): Constantin ROMAN - "Ode to a British Chicken"

<strong>Ode to a British Chicken</strong>

My British Chicken,
I’m truly smitten
‘cause, if you vanished
I ‘d be really lost.

I‘d rather have you roasted,
As without you
My Menu, on the spot,
Will soon be tossed.

My ever-present chick,
You’re inexpendable
My gas ring will be pining 
Without you

And British Gas,
For sure, will be insolvent,
As its best client,
Now will go to pass.


My dearest fowl
You got a life in prison
With all your sisters, without rhyme or reason,
All jam packed cheek by jowl.

In batteries you are now a statistic,
Industrial gulag, which puts to shame
A number rather more characteristic
Of Soviet era, at its grimmest game.

My dearest Supermarket, I’m addicted
To buy for ever all your tasteless junk,
As my dependency is now to be predicted
A boring number of a faceless skunk.

Your sheer manipulation, so disgusting,
Is flying in the face of common sense.
Blindfolded crowds are being hold to ransom,
Automatons with limbs, but without brains..

In my despair I’ll try to be more vocal
But am afraid, as being middle-class,
I will be deemed to fart above my station
And turn my reputation to an ass.


Copyright ©  Constantin ROMAN
London, October 2011
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Poetry in English (XCIV): Constantin ROMAN &#8211; &#8220;Ode to a British Chicken&#8221;<br />
</strong></p>
<div id="attachment_3475" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 235px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Ode-to-a-British-Chicken1.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Ode-to-a-British-Chicken1-225x300.jpg" alt="" title="Ode to a British Chicken" width="225" height="300" class="size-medium wp-image-3475" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">In Praise of the British Chicken</p></div>
<p><strong>Ode to a British Chicken</strong></p>
<p>My British Chicken,<br />
I’m truly smitten<br />
‘cause, if you vanished<br />
I ‘d be really lost.</p>
<p>I‘d rather have you roasted,<br />
As without you<br />
My Menu, on the spot,<br />
Will soon be tossed.</p>
<p>My ever-present chick,<br />
You’re inexpendable<br />
My gas ring will be pining<br />
Without you</p>
<div id="attachment_3488" class="wp-caption alignright" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Trust-British-Gas.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Trust-British-Gas-300x187.jpg" alt="" title="Trust British Gas" width="300" height="187" class="size-medium wp-image-3488" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">An Old Flame</p></div>
<p>And British Gas<br />
For sure, will be insolvent,<br />
As its best client,<br />
Now will go to pass.</p>
<p>My dearest fowl<br />
You got a life in prison<br />
With all your sisters, without rhyme or reason,<br />
All jam packed cheek by jowl.</p>
<p>In batteries you are now a statistic,<br />
Industrial gulag, which puts to shame<br />
A number rather more characteristic<br />
Of Soviet era, at its grimmest game.</p>
<div id="attachment_3484" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Pitts-Farm.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Pitts-Farm-300x199.jpg" alt="" title="Pitts Farm" width="300" height="199" class="size-medium wp-image-3484" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Junk Food </p></div>
<p>My dearest Supermarket, I’m addicted<br />
To buy for ever all your tasteless junk,<br />
As my dependency is now to be predicted<br />
A boring number of a faceless skunk.</p>
<p>Your sheer manipulation, so disgusting,<br />
Is flying in the face of common sense.<br />
Blindfolded crowds are being hold to ransom,<br />
Automatons with limbs, but without brains..</p>
<p>In my despair I’ll try to be more vocal<br />
But am afraid, as being middle-class,<br />
I will be deemed to fart above my station<br />
And turn my reputation to an ass.</p>
<p><strong>Post Script:</strong></p>
<p>This being said, I praise Edwina Currie,<br />
The Minister of salmonella fame,<br />
Who caused the British Egg to go and hurry<br />
To clean its act, in spite of all its gain.</p>
<p>Copyright ©  Constantin ROMAN<br />
London, October 2011<br />
<div id="attachment_3482" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 178px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Edwina-Currie-Autographed-Publi-262917.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Edwina-Currie-Autographed-Publi-262917.jpg" alt="" title="Edwina-Currie-Autographed-Publi-262917" width="168" height="274" class="size-full wp-image-3482" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Edwina Currie Memoirs</p></div></p>
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		<title>Romanian Musings on Bela Bartok’s Memorial in London  SW7</title>
		<link>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/10/romanian-musings-on-bella-bartok%e2%80%99s-memorial-in-london-sw7/</link>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 10 Oct 2011 07:42:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description><![CDATA[ Bela Bartok was born in the Romanian Banat region, at Sannicolau Mare, the son of a Hungarian father and a Serbian Mother. As one would expect of a sensitive child born in this ethnic mosaic of the Habsburg Empire, young Bartok like his central European contemporary composers, drew his inspiration from the rich ethnic music of Central Europe: the composer’s “Romanian Dances” have long been included in the International musical repertoire and in the memory of the cognoscenti, compositions which reflect indirectly the international currency of Romanian compositions, the same pool from which Georges Enesco or Valentin Lipatti have drawn their inspiration.
The life of Hungarian sculptor Imre Varga (b. 1923) reflects, as one would expect, the historical and political meanders of his country, during the 20th century. By comparison, this presents many commonalities with his Romanian counterparts, who showed an equal enthusiasm at adapting to changing political circumstances, first during the right-wing  nationalist dictatorship, followed by an anti-Stalinist war in the East, on the side of Germany, only to heap praise on a “liberating” Soviet Army and finally to end up as a member of the European Union: not exactly an easy sailing, during stormy times, when many contemporary artists either wrecked their careers, or chose instead to take the heavy road of exile, as was the case of our subject, whose memorial has just been erected in South Kensington.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Some Romanian Musings on Bela Bartok’s Memorial in London<br />
</strong><br />
<div id="attachment_3420" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 235px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bella-bartok-sculpture1.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bella-bartok-sculpture1-225x300.jpg" alt="" title="bela bartok sculpture" width="225" height="300" class="size-medium wp-image-3420" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bella Bartok Memorial in London SW7</p></div>  The unveiling, in London’s South Kensington of a memorial to the Hungarian composer Bela Bartok (1881 Romania – 1945, United States) is not only an acknowledgment  of a composer of International repute, but at the same time an intelligent statement of national values on the world stage. This event ought to offer a moment of reflection and soul-searching to our Romanian friends, and set an example of how  national heritage is best promoted abroad something which the Romanian Cultural Institute in Bucharest is yet to match.<br />
You may well ask, what linkage, if any, may exist between Hungary and Romania in Britain? what exactly are these parallels and what food for thought?</p>
<p><strong>Bela Bartok and Georges Enesco</strong><br />
  <div id="attachment_3459" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/foto-placa-loc-nastere-bb.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/foto-placa-loc-nastere-bb-300x216.jpg" alt="" title="foto-placa-loc-nastere-bb" width="300" height="216" class="size-medium wp-image-3459" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Birth Place of Bela Bartok, Co Timis, Banat, Romania</p></div>At this point one ought perhaps to refresh the general reader’s memory that Bela Bartok was born in the Romanian Banat region, at Sannicolau Mare, the son of a Hungarian father and a Serbian Mother. As one would expect of a sensitive child, born in this ethnic mosaic of the Habsburg Empire, young Bartok, like his central European contemporary composers, drew his inspiration from the rich ethnic music of Central Europe: the composer’s “Romanian Dances” have long been included in the International repertoire and with it in the memory of the cognoscenti. They  demonstrate the international currency of Romanian folk tunes, the same pool from which Geoarges Enesco or Valentin Lipatti have drawn their inspiration.</p>
<div id="attachment_3463" class="wp-caption alignright" style="width: 270px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/12.Bela-Bartok2.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/12.Bela-Bartok2.jpg" alt="" title="12.Bela-Bartok" width="260" height="320" class="size-full wp-image-3463" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bela Bartok memorial in his native village, in Romania</p></div>  It is perhaps significant that Bartok, Enesco and Lipatti took all the road of exile because of the political changes caused by the Second World War: Bartok left Hungary due to the fascism of Horthy and chose to live his last years in the United States. Here, in spite of all support he was given, he lived with difficulty his uprooting, producing only two compositions: the &#8220;Concerto for Orchestra&#8221; and a Violin Sonata, dedicated to Yehudi Menuhin, the violinist who was the pupil of Georges Enesco.<br />
Like Bartok, Enesco also left his native land,  to become an exile in Paris, after the war, during  a dark period in the history of the Romanian diaspora. These turned out to be times clouded by recrimination, suspicion, kicks under the belt and wrangles, all with a negative effect on artistic output. Here, in post-war Paris, one felt the rebound of the strong arm of the French Communist Party of Stalinist persuation, doubled by the undercover activities of the Securitate, the Romanian Secret Services, in the hands of which suffered so much Monica Lovinescu, Eugene Ionesco, Virgil Gheorghiu, Horia Vintila, to mention just a few. They were all subjected to a persistent and vicious witch-hunt  in the hands of the French communists and their fellow travelers (viz. Monica Lovinescu, Vintila Horia, et al.).<br />
In the above context it might be revealing to analyse further the effect which such uprooting had on the lives of both Bartok and Enesco.<br />
<div id="attachment_3465" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/KunsthistorischesMuseumSanNicolauMareTreasure8.jpg_thumb.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/KunsthistorischesMuseumSanNicolauMareTreasure8.jpg_thumb-300x225.jpg" alt="" title="KunsthistorischesMuseumSanNicolauMareTreasure8.jpg_thumb" width="300" height="225" class="size-medium wp-image-3465" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Dacian treasure trove from Bartok&#039;s native village, now in Vienna Art Museum</p></div><br />
<strong>Who is Imre Varga, the artist of Bartok’s Memorial?</strong><br />
 <div id="attachment_3425" class="wp-caption alignright" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/BELA-KUN-Memorial-by-Varga.gif"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/BELA-KUN-Memorial-by-Varga-300x195.gif" alt="" title="BELA KUN Memorial by Varga" width="300" height="195" class="size-medium wp-image-3425" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bela Kun memorial by Varga - now removed to the dustbin of history</p></div>  The life of Hungarian sculptor Imre Varga (b. 1923) reflects, as one would expect, the historical and political meanders of his country, during the 20th century. By comparison, this presents many commonalities with his Romanian counterparts, who showed an equal enthusiasm at adapting to changing political circumstances, first during the right-wing  nationalist dictatorship, followed by an anti-Stalinist war in the East, on the side of Germany, only to heap praise, subsequently, on a “liberating” Soviet Army and finally to end up  a member of the European Union: not exactly an easy sailing, on choppy waters, when many contemporary artists either wrecked their careers, or chose instead to take the heavy road of exile. Such was the case of Bartok, whose memorial has just been erected in South Kensington.<br />
However, beyond the above historic details, considering in greater depth such events,  what is tangible today, is the very cultural statement in London, represented by Bartok’s memorial statue. This is proof of some perseverance in the face of a diminishing Memory and one must salute the acknowledgment of an errant son of the Banat province and a friend of Romania, who towers above the narrow confines of past chauvinist and irredentist propaganda.  For the Banat of Timisoara, that historical province integrated to the Kingdom of Romania after WWI, offered the World, artists, poets, composers and writers, amongst whom, more recently one should not forget Herta Muller, the 2009 Nobel Prize Laureate for Literature and like bartok, a native of the Romanian Banat.</p>
<p>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2009/10/herta-muller-the-journey-to-the-2009-nobel-prize-for-literature/</p>
<p><div id="attachment_3468" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bartok-bela-GRAVE.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bartok-bela-GRAVE.jpg" alt="" title="bartok bela GRAVE" width="300" height="446" class="size-full wp-image-3468" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bartok&#039;s grave in Budapest (courtesy: findagrave.com)</p></div>
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		<title>Ganduri Romanesti despre Bella Bartok  la Londra</title>
		<link>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/10/ganduri-romanesti-despre-bella-bartok-la-londra/</link>
		<comments>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/10/ganduri-romanesti-despre-bella-bartok-la-londra/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 09 Oct 2011 13:42:36 +0000</pubDate>
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		<category><![CDATA[exil]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Dezvelirea statuii compozitorului Maghiar Bella Bartok in cartierul South Kensigton din Sudvestul Londrei reprezinta o recunoastere in plus, nu numai a celebrului compozitor de talie universala, dar si un exemplu de promovare inteligenta a valorilor nationale in lume. Acest act ofera un moment de reflectie si poate comparativ cu modul Romanesc de promovare a valorilor nationale, pe plan international, de cumetriile Institutului Cultural Roman, Bucuresti.

Ei, o sa ma intrebati, poate, "ce are sula cu prefectura"? ce legatura aleatorica ar exista intre aceste idei, intre astfel de paralele si implicit de indemnuri?


<strong>Bella Bartok si George Enescu</strong>
Fara a ma pierde in explicatii alambicate, doar in cateva randuri, ar trebui sa amintim ca Bella Bartok s-a nascut in Banatul Romanesc, la  Sannicolau Mare, ditr-un tata maghiar si o mama de etnie Sarba. Cum este si firesc, pentru un tanar cu evidente sensibilitati fata de mediul in care s-a nascut, Bartok s-a inspirat, asa cum au facut-o contemporanii si predecesorii sai din sec XIX, din fondul muzicii etnice din Sudestul Europei: "Dansurile Romanesti" ale compozitorului  au intrat de mult in repertoriul mondial si implicit in memoria si sensibilitatea publicului civilizat si avizat, sensibilitate care reflecta indirect valorile muzicii Romanesti - aceeasi sursa din care s-au inspirat si contemporanii sai, George Enescu sau Dinu Lipatti.

Este poate semnificativ ca atat Bartok cat si Enescu s-au exilat din cauza schimbarilor politice survenite ca urmare al celui de al doilea razboi mondial: Bartok s-a destzarat datorita fascizarii Ungariei lui Horthy, ca sa se stabileasca in Statele Unite, unde, in ciuda asistentei financiare si artistice primite, si-a trait cu dificultate exilul, unde a murit dupa cinci ani. In aceasta perioada de destzarare a compus doar doua lucrari: Concertul pentru Orchestra si o sonata de vioara pentru Yehudi Menuhin - violonistul care a fost scolit de Enescu... 
George Enescu, impreuna cu sotia lui si-au parasit tara dupa razboi, ca sa-si traiasca ultimii ani de viata la Paris, intr-o perioada intunecata a diasporei romanesti. Aceasta din urma a fost bantuita de recriminari, suspiciuni, lovituri sub centura si contraziceri - cu efecte inevitabile negative. Aici, in Parisul postbelic,  bratul omniprezent  al simpatizantilor francezi ai Stalinismului,  cat si coada sobolanului securist  au fost proactive, asa cum au suferit, din experienta proprie, Monica Lovinescu, Eugene Ionesco, Virgil Gheorghiu, Horia Vintila, s.a.,  indurand persecutia impinsa pana chiar la procesul vrajitaorelor.
Poate  ar fi interesant de a reflecta mai adanc asupra efectului  exilului asupra acestor compozitori contemporani, Bartok si Enescu.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="attachment_3418" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bartok-blue-plaque-SW7.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bartok-blue-plaque-SW7-300x225.jpg" alt="" title="bartok blue plaque SW7" width="300" height="225" class="size-medium wp-image-3418" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bella Bartok Blue Plaque in London SW7</p></div>
<p><strong>Memoria Diasporei despre Bartok si Enescu la Londra<br />
</strong><br />
Dezvelirea statuii compozitorului Maghiar Bella Bartok in cartierul South Kensigton din Sudvestul Londrei reprezinta o recunoastere in plus, nu numai a celebrului compozitor de talie universala, dar si un exemplu de promovare inteligenta a valorilor nationale in lume. Acest act ofera un moment de reflectie si poate comparativ cu modul Romanesc de promovare a valorilor nationale, pe plan international, de cumetriile Institutului Cultural Roman, Bucuresti.</p>
<p>Ei, o sa ma intrebati, poate, &#8220;ce are sula cu prefectura&#8221;? ce legatura aleatorica ar exista intre aceste idei, intre astfel de paralele si implicit de indemnuri?</p>
<p><strong>Bella Bartok si George Enescu</strong><br />
Fara a ma pierde in explicatii alambicate, doar in cateva randuri, ar trebui sa amintim ca Bella Bartok s-a nascut in Banatul Romanesc, la  Sannicolau Mare, ditr-un tata Maghiar si o mama de etnie Sarba. Cum este si firesc, pentru un tanar cu evidente sensibilitati fata de mediul in care s-a nascut, Bartok s-a inspirat, asa cum au facut-o contemporanii si predecesorii sai din sec XIX, din fondul muzicii etnice din Sudestul Europei: &#8220;Dansurile Romanesti&#8221; ale compozitorului  au intrat demult in repertoriul mondial si implicit in memoria si sensibilitatea publicului civilizat si avizat, sensibilitate care reflecta indirect valorile muzicii Romanesti &#8211; aceeasi sursa din care s-au inspirat si contemporanii sai, George Enescu sau Dinu Lipatti.</p>
<p>Este poate semnificativ ca atat Bartok cat si Enescu s-au exilat din cauza schimbarilor politice survenite ca urmare al celui de al doilea razboi mondial: Bartok s-a destzarat datorita fascizarii Ungariei lui Horthy, ca sa se stabileasca in Statele Unite, unde, in ciuda asistentei financiare si artistice primite, si-a trait cu dificultate exilul, murind dupa cinci ani. In aceasta perioada de destzarare a compus doar doua lucrari: Concertul pentru Orchestra si o Sonata pentru vioara dedicata lui Yehudi Menuhin &#8211; violonistul care a fost scolit de Enescu&#8230;<br />
George Enescu, impreuna cu sotia lui si-au parasit tara dupa razboi, ca sa-si traiasca ultimii ani de viata la Paris, intr-o perioada intunecata a diasporei romanesti. Aceasta din urma a fost bantuita de recriminari, suspiciuni, lovituri sub centura si contraziceri &#8211; cu efecte inevitabile negative. Aici, in Parisul postbelic,  bratul omniprezent  al simpatizantilor francezi ai Stalinismului,  cat si coada sobolanului securist  au fost proactive, asa cum au suferit, din experienta proprie, Monica Lovinescu, Eugene Ionesco, Virgil Gheorghiu, Horia Vintila, s.a.,  indurand persecutia impinsa pana chiar la procesul vrajitaorelor (viz. Monica Lovinescu, Vintila Horia, s.a).<br />
Poate  ar fi interesant de a reflecta mai adanc asupra efectului  exilului asupra acestor compozitori contemporani, Bartok si Enescu.</p>
<div id="attachment_3419" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 235px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bella-bartok-sculpture.jpg"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bella-bartok-sculpture-225x300.jpg" alt="" title="bella bartok sculpture" width="225" height="300" class="size-medium wp-image-3419" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Belle Bartok memorial, London SW7 by Imre Varga</p></div>
<p><strong>Statuia din Londra a compozitorului Bella Bartok si sculptorul Maghiar Imre Varga<br />
</strong></p>
<p>Cariera sculptorului <strong>Imre Varga</strong> (n. 1923) reflecta meandrele istorice si labirintul transformarilor politice a scenei Maghiare dinainte, din timpul si dupa cel de al doilea razboi mondial. Asa cum este de asteptat, viata si activitatea sculptorului Maghiar nu poate fi mult deosebita fata de cea a confratilor lui Romani din aceeasi perioada, care, cu acelasi entuziasm si-au intors cojocul pe dos, nu odata, dar de mai multe ori, reinventandu-se din nationalisti in luptatori antistalinisti pe frontul de Est, de partea Germaniei Fasciste si iarasi in artisti cantand osanale cotropitorilor Sovietici, ca mai apoi sa reprezinte o realitate mai putin sanguina, a unei tari membre a Uniunii Europene: adaptivitate  in ape tulburi greu de navigat, in care multi conationali ori au esuat, ori au preferat, (intocmai exemplului subiectului din South Kensigton, care il admiram astazi), sa isi ia drumul greu al exilului.</p>
<p>Dar analizand cursul Istoriei, care nu ia in consideratie astfel de mizilicuri, ce ramane important pentru noi este obiectul insusi si ideea de a ridica la Londra o statuie a lui Bartok, initiativa si perseverenta pentru care trebuie sa ne dam jos palaria si sa salutam un fiu al Banatului si un prieten al Romaniei, dincolo de limitele inguste ale nationalismului sovin.<br />
Banatul, aceasta provincie istorica, o parte din care a fost integrata Romaniei dupa Primul Razboi Mondial, a oferit, de-a lungul veacurilor, artisti, poeti si scriitori, printre care, mai recent, se numara si Herta Muller, a carei opera literara reflecta realitatea Romaneasca postbelica, pentru care a primit premiul Nobel (q.v. articolul anterior din Centre for Romanian studies): &#8220;Herta Muller &#8211; drumul spre Premiul Nebel pentru Literatura 2009&#8243;:</p>
<p>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2009/10/herta-muller-%E2%80%93-the-journey-to-the-2009-nobel-prize-for-literature/</p>
<div id="attachment_3425" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/BELA-KUN-Memorial-by-Varga.gif"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/BELA-KUN-Memorial-by-Varga-300x195.gif" alt="" title="BELA KUN Memorial by Varga" width="300" height="195" class="size-medium wp-image-3425" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bela Kun memorial by Varga - now removed to the dustbin of history</p></div>
<div id="attachment_3426" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bela-kun-memorial-.gif"><img src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/bela-kun-memorial--300x225.gif" alt="" title="bela kun memorial" width="300" height="225" class="size-medium wp-image-3426" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Detail of Varga&#039;s memorial to Bela Kun, now removed to a scrapyard of communist sculptures</p></div>
<p>&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;<br />
NOTA de Subsol:<br />
Pentru cei care nu cunosc istoria Europei din preajma primului razboi mondial ar trebui de consemnat, succint, ca acest Bela Kun, nascut KUHN, in comuna Lelei din Ardeal, in anul 1886, a fost educat la Liceul Reformat din Cluj. Recrutat in armata Imperiului Habsburgic, Kun a fost trimis pe frontul de Est, unde a fost luat prizonier de catre Rusi.  Aflat in captivitate Bela Kun a fost recrutat in Partidul Bolsevic, in cadrul caruia a creeat ramura comunistilor Maghiari.<br />
Reintors in Ungaria, in perioada tulbure a dezintegrarii Imperiului Habsburgic, Bela Kun a gasit terenul fertil pentru conditiile unei revolutii bolsevice (sustinute cu fonduri obtinute dela Lenin care l-a intalnit in Rusia). Acestea i-au permis sa creeze efemera &#8220;Republica Sovietica Maghiara&#8221;, care a durat mai putin de sapte luni de zile, inainte de a fi desfiintata de interventia Armatei Regale Romane, la 1 August 1919 &#8211; iar restul este istorie. </p>
<p>Sculptorul compozitorului Bartok este acelasi care a lucrat in Ungaria, in stilul  &#8220;Artei cu Tendinta&#8221;, din perioada &#8220;hei-rupista&#8221; a regimului comunist Ungar.<br />
Pe acest teren ideologic fertil, Imre Varga a avut comenzi ale &#8220;organelor de Partid si de Stat&#8221; ca sa creeze, printre altele, si imensul grup statuar glorificandu-l pe Bela Kun (vezi ilustratiile de mai sus): deci om de nadejde &#8211; omul zilei! Acestea se pot inca &#8220;admira&#8221; in parcul de &#8220;curiozitati&#8221; dela Budapesta, unde au fost deplasate toate creatile de propaganda comunista ale Realismului Socialist.</p>
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		<title>Churchill College, Cambridge, Romanian Poetry with George Steiner</title>
		<link>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/04/2982/</link>
		<comments>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/04/2982/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 14 Apr 2011 07:15:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>editor</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Diary]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[NOTE: for those readers who either do not know or do not want to know and especially for those who escaped Romania, this is to say how nearly impossible it was to cross the Iron Curtain during Ceausescu's hellish dictatorship: many people risked their  lives  and paid the heavy price of exile - others who had no faith in any change for the better after Ceausescu's fall, have joined the exodus and  millions of uprooted who seek work and settled in other countries - Millions of them!!  Romania's 23 million-population would decrease even faster should it not be for the influx of Chinese workers and the high birthrate of the Roma ethnic minority. Such is the inheritance of five decades of Communism!

extract from:
<a href="http://www.constantinroman.com/continentaldrift">www.constantinroman.com/continentaldrift</a>
(there is a free Romanian translation downloadable in pdf  (ask for link - large memory needed ) , because even 17 years after the fall of communism, in 1989, although these memoirs were published in England and in the USA,  its translation cannot be published in Bucharest: it was turned down by  Liicianu of  "Humanitas", by Patapievici's "Romanian Institute" (Formerly the Fundatia Culturala Romana) and by Romanian  editors with claims of being "aristocrats of the intellect" (boierii mintii) - read "leaders of opinion".
"]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/ContDrift9CRChurchill.bmp"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-2988" title="ContDrift9CRChurchill" src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/ContDrift9CRChurchill.bmp" alt="" /></a>Cambridge Churchill College &#8211; Romanian Poetry Evening with George Steiner, Timothy Cribb (seated) and Constantin Roman (reciting Marin Sorescu)<br />
extract from &#8220;Continental Drift&#8221; (a Cambridge Memoir) &#8211; Chapter &#8220;Lotus Eater &#8211; Romanian poetry evening&#8221;:</p>
<p>What better place to lament the state of Ceausescu&#8217;s Romania than at Churchill&#8217;s College ? With the help of Timothy Cribb, a Fellow of Churchill,  I had translated into English, a series of contemporary Romanian poems, by Marin Sorescu, which I had published in &#8220;Encounter&#8221;.<br />
Four people recited the poems: Timothy Cribb, from Churchill, myself, Ben Knights from Peterhouse and Ben&#8217;s girlfriend a student of English. The poems were recited on a background of panpipe laments or &#8220;doina de jale&#8221;, Carpathian shepherds songs, which were eminently suitable for the poet&#8217;s outcry, such as in my translation of the following verse:</p>
<p><strong>Passport</strong><br />
To cross the border<br />
Between the sunflower<br />
And the moonflower<br />
Between the alphabet<br />
Of hand-written events<br />
And printed events.</p>
<p>To be friend of all atoms<br />
Which form the light<br />
To sing with the atoms which sing<br />
To cry<br />
With the atoms which die<br />
To enter into all the days of one&#8217;s life<br />
Without restriction<br />
No matter whether they fall on one side or other<br />
Of the word<br />
Earth.</p>
<p>This passport<br />
Is written in my bones<br />
In my skull, femur, phalanxes and spine<br />
All arranged in a way<br />
To make clear<br />
My right to be man.</p>
<p>(&#8220;Cambridge Review&#8221;, 92, 2203, pp. 233, 28 May 1971)</p>
<p>The show took place in the auditorium of Churchill College, which was full with a young audience, hundreds of young people and academics attracted by the popularity of George Steiner, who made an introductory speech. George Steiner was later to have a Chair of Comparative Literature, created for him at Oxford, whilst Marin Sorescu, in the post-Ceausescu times, became Minister for the Arts in Romania and rather more conformist than in his younger days, when his poems were allowed to strike a0 mild note of dissent&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;</p>
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: for those readers who either do not know or do not want to know and especially for those people who escaped Romania, this is to say how nearly impossible it was to cross the Iron Curtain during Ceausescu&#8217;s hellish dictatorship: many people risked their  lives  and paid the heavy price of exile &#8211; others who had no faith in any change for the better after Ceausescu&#8217;s fall, have joined the exodus and  millions of uprooted who sought work and settled in foreign countries &#8211; Millions of them!!  Romania&#8217;s 23 million-population would decrease even faster should it not be for the influx of Chinese workers and the high-birthrate of the Roma ethnic minority. Such is the inheritance of five decades of Communism followed by two decades of neo-Communism!</p>
<p>extract from:<br />
&lt;a href=&#8221;http://www.constantinroman.com/continentaldrift&#8221;&gt;www.constantinroman.com/continentaldrift&lt;/a&gt;<br />
(there is a free Romanian translation downloadable in pdf  (ask for link &#8211; large memory needed ) , because even 17 years after the fall of communism, in 1989, although these memoirs were published in England and in the USA,  its translation cannot be published in Bucharest: it was turned down by  Liicianu of  &#8220;Humanitas&#8221;, by Patapievici&#8217;s &#8220;Romanian Institute&#8221; (Formerly the Fundatia Culturala Romana) and by Romanian  editors with claims of being &#8220;aristocrats of the intellect&#8221; (boierii mintii) &#8211; read &#8220;leaders of opinion&#8221;.<br />
&#8220;</p>
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		<title>Petitie a asociaţiilor de proprietari deposedaţi abuziv în perioada 1945-1989</title>
		<link>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/04/petitie-a-asociatiilor-de-proprietari-deposedati-abuziv-in-perioada-1945-1989/</link>
		<comments>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/04/petitie-a-asociatiilor-de-proprietari-deposedati-abuziv-in-perioada-1945-1989/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 Apr 2011 08:50:49 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>editor</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Petitie a asociaţiilor de proprietari deposedaţi abuziv în perioada 1945-1989
Prin decizia pilot Maria Atanasiu c. Romaniei, CEDO a solicitat statului roman să modifice legislaţia de restituire şi procedurile de lucru, în aşa fel încât proprietarii deposedaţi sa-şi reprimească bunurile confiscate sau despăgubirile cuvenite, într-un interval de timp „rezonabil“.

Asociaţiilorde proprietari deposedaţi, solicită ca, la elaborarea legii de restituire şi a procedurilor de lucru, să se respecte următoarele principii:
Respectarea articolelor 16 alin. 1,2; 20 şi 44 din Constituţia Românei., precum şi a articolelor 6 şi 1 din Protocolul 1 al Convenţiei pentru apărarea Drepturilor Omului şi a Libertăţilor fundamentale
Respingem orice formă de discriminare a persoanelor îndreptăţite, precum:

o   plafonarea valorii despăgubirilor sau diminuarea acestora faţă de valoarea de piaţă.
respingerea cererilor fostilor cetăţeni români, cetăţeni ai UE şi moştenitori ai unor cetăţeni români, sub pretextul ca nu mai sunt actualmente cetăţeni români.
.Intocmirea unui plan de măsuri clare si univoce, cu rezultate controlabile, cu activităţi, termene şi responsabilităţi bine definite, care să fie raportate periodic autorităţilor europene.
Admiterea rezolvarii revendicarilor în baza Codului Civil Roman, prin complete de judecata specializate.

]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Petitie a asociaţiilor de proprietari deposedaţi abuziv în perioada 1945-1989</strong>.</p>
<p>Prin decizia pilot <em>Maria Atanasiu c. Romaniei</em>, CEDO a solicitat statului roman să modifice legislaţia de restituire şi procedurile de lucru, în aşa fel încât proprietarii deposedaţi sa-şi reprimească bunurile confiscate sau despăgubirile cuvenite, într-un interval de timp „rezonabil“.</p>
<p>Asociaţiilorde proprietari deposedaţi, <strong>solicită</strong> ca, la elaborarea legii de restituire şi a procedurilor de lucru, să se respecte următoarele principii:</p>
<p>1. <strong>Aplicarea cu prioritate a restituirii în natura sau prin echivalent, cu imobile/ terenuri de valoare egal</strong>ă, întrucât acest mod de rezolvare este cel mai economic pentru buget si pentru contribuabil. Urmatoarele acţiuni ar trebui impuse, ca prime urgenţe, cu termene bine precizate:</p>
<p>o   <strong>finalizarea într-o primă etapă, a a tuturor dosarelor la nivelul autorităţilor locale,</strong> ţinând seama de cele de mai sus. Numai într-o ultimă instanţă se vor propune despăgubiri prin echivalent (bani, acţiuni, obligaţiuni) , degrevându-se astfel bugetul.</p>
<p>o   <strong>în acest scop este necesară evidenţierea la nivelul întregii ţări, a notificărilor rezolvabile prin restituire în natură, precum şi inventarierea terenurilor/a imobilelor disponibile pentru compensări îin echivalent</strong></p>
<p>2.. <strong>Respectarea articolelor 16 alin. 1,2</strong><strong>;</strong><strong> 20 şi 44 din Constituţia Românei., precum şi a articolelor 6 şi 1 din Protocolul 1 al Convenţiei pentru apărarea Drepturilor Omului şi a Libertăţilor fundamentale</strong></p>
<p>3. <strong>Respingem orice formă de discriminare a persoanelor îndreptăţite,</strong> precum:</p>
<p>o   <strong>plafonarea valorii despăgubirilor sau diminuarea acestora faţă de valoarea de piaţă</strong>. Aceasta ar conduce la discriminarea proprietarilor deposedaţi ale caror dosare nu au fost încă rezolvate, în raport cu proprietarii deja despăgubiţi, în raport cu: proprietarii expropriaţi pentru cauza de utilitate publică şi înfine şi în raport cu ţchiriaşii-cumpărători, ale caror contracte au fost anulate în jusţitie O plafonare ar conduce la desfiinţarea cu efect retroactiv a unui drept câsştigat şi la violarea principiului stabilităţii raporturilor juridice.</p>
<p>o   <strong>respingerea cererilor fostilor cetăţeni români, cetăţeni ai UE şi moştenitori ai unor cetăţeni români, sub pretextul ca nu mai sunt actualmente cetăţeni români</strong>.</p>
<p>4..<strong>Intocmirea unui plan de măsuri clare si univoce, cu rezultate controlabile, cu activit</strong><strong>ăţ</strong><strong>i, termene şi responsabilităţi bine definite, care să fie raportate periodic autorit</strong><strong>ăţ</strong><strong>ilor europene</strong>. Vor fi precizate termenele pânăla care vor fi rezolvate dosarele la nivelul autorităţilor locale, respectiv cele pana la care vor fi restituite bunurile respectiv acordate despagubirile prin echivalent. Intreaga actiune de restituire/compensare sa fie incheiata pana la 31.12.2014.</p>
<p>Planul va stabili sanctiuni precise impotriva institutiilor abilitate sau a functionarilor responsabili care tergiverseaza acest proces, de ex. prin neexecutarea unor sentinte definitive si irevocabile, sau prin redirecţionarea unor dosare validate de la o institutie la alta, sub pretextul unor reverificari redundante.</p>
<p>5. Acestea vor putea evalua si solutiona, la cererea persoanelor indreptatite, si dosarele in care restituirea nu este posibila decat prin echivalent, cererile fiind scutite de plata taxei de timbru.</p>
<p>6. <strong>Executarea fara intarziere a sentintelor definitive si irevocabile</strong>. In cazul acordarii prin instanta, la cererea institutiei publice, a unui termen de gratie, acesta sa fie limitat la max 6 luni, iar esalonarea platii sa fie admisa numai cu acceptul persoanei indreptatite.. <strong>Cerem de asemeneaanularea tuturor reglementarilor care ar prelungi termenul de achitare a datoriilor statului fata de proprietari, fara acordul acestora</strong>, precum de ex. pct. D din proiectul OUG nr. 4 din 2011</p>
<p>7  <strong>Acordarea unui nou termen de 6 luni pentru depunerea notificarilor</strong>, pentru persoane care, din motive obiective, nu le-au putut depune la termen</p>
<p>8. <strong>Intrucat posibilitatile de acordare de actiuni la Fondul Proprietatea sunt in mare parte epuizate, sa se prevada noi solutii de despagubire</strong>,<strong> la optiunea persoanei indreptatite,</strong> precum: emiterea unor titluri garantate de stat, cu dobanda echivalenta cu cea a obligatiilor emise de BNR</p>
<p><strong>9. Transparenta totala a stadiului rezolvarii notificarilor. </strong>Portalele institutiilor statului implicate (ANRP, AVAS, autoritati locale) vor comunica petentilor stadiul la zi al rezolvarii dosarului lor, eventuale acte lipsa, durata pana la rezolarea lor, numarul de dosare sau decizii rezolvate/nerezolvate, precum si termenele la care acestea vor fi rezolvate.</p>
<p>10. <strong>Consultarea asociatiilor de proprietari deposedati</strong> la formularea cadrului legislativ si a procedurilor de lucru.</p>
<p><strong>Asociaţia pentru Proprietatea Privată APP<br />
Asociatia Franceza pentru Apararea Dreptului de Proprietate in Romania</strong><em> </em></p>
<p><strong>Asociatia Proprietarilor Deposedati Abuziv de Stat APDA</strong><strong>S</strong><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Asociatia Persoanelor Deposedate Abuziv si a Fostilor Deportati Refugiati din Romania APDAFDR</strong></p>
<p><strong>Interessenvertretung Restitution in Rumänien ResRo </strong></p>
<p><strong>6 Aprilie 2011</strong></p>
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		<title>20th c Romanian History (I) &#8211; Ceausescu &amp; Bokassa</title>
		<link>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/04/20th-c-romanian-history-i-ceausescu-bokassa/</link>
		<comments>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/04/20th-c-romanian-history-i-ceausescu-bokassa/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 04 Apr 2011 11:15:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>editor</dc:creator>
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		<category><![CDATA[emperor]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/?p=2961</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[There was a glaring complicity between the two dictators, Bokassa and Ceuasescu, who, although were worlds apart, they had a lot in common, in particular the cunning of the small-time village satrap, overblown to parody level. They also shared the same tribal feeling about being surrounded by family in key positions, the same attraction for all that glittered, the delusions of grandeur.


    Bokassa Coronation sceptre inspired Nicolae Ceausescu

In retrospect Bokassa outwitted all his contemporaries, including his French masters and returned from his  exile (where he was kept prisoner in a gilded cage by his French masters), to be allowed to die a revered village elder in his native country.  By contrast Ceausescu was less astute than his African pal: Nick and Elena were outfoxed by their trusted lieutenants, who had them summarily 'judged' by a parody Court and hastily dispatched in a carnage redolent of the parodic shoots of Carpathian bear in Romania's mountains.
Both Nicolae and Elena claimed their innocence during their farcical kangaroo court trial of 1989, but nobody came to the rescue of the once feted Hero hailed in dithyrambic verse by his Court Poet, Adrian Paunescu:

    "We love Him because this Country is free under the sun
    The People of this country are free and the real leader
    We love him because He embodies the conscience of the Working people
    And that he makes us proud that as a man He is Romanian"

    Reallly, incredible as it is in retrospect, the above ditty might  have been more suitable if it was dedicated to Emperor Bokassa instead: sadly, Adrian Paunescu, Ceausescu's fawning Court jester,  had to make do with a 'second best'!]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="meta">
<h6 class="mceTemp mceIEcenter">
<dl id="attachment_2962" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 370px;">
<dt class="wp-caption-dt"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/ceausescu_bokassa.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-2962" title="ceausescu_bokassa" src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/ceausescu_bokassa.jpg" alt="" width="360" height="240" /></a></dt>
<dd class="wp-caption-dd">Emperor Bokassa of Central Africa greeting Ceausescu</dd>
</dl>
</h6>
<div id="description_div2318427790">
<p id="yui_3_3_0_1_13019139012911353"><span style="color: #ff0000;">Emperor  Bokassa </span>of Central Africa, a great and genuine fan of <span style="color: #ff0000;">Ceausescu</span>, came to Romania on several State visits,  during which he particularly admired the blond  female dancers of the  <span style="color: #ff0000;">State Folk Dance Company &#8220;Ciocarlia &#8221; (The Lark)</span>. The Romanian Secret  Services obliged and dispatched one of the artistes to  the Emperor&#8217;s  stable to become his (third?) wife: she was duly &#8216;crowned empress&#8217; and allocated her own impregnable palace intended as a secure gilded cage.</p>
<p id="yui_3_3_0_1_13019139012911378">Ceausescu went on a  State visit to Central Africa, whose diamonds fascinated more than one  foreign head of state but instead, more modestly,  <span style="color: #ff0000;">Ceausescu</span> was impressed by  the Emperor&#8217;s own sceptre. So on his return to Romania he passed a decree intended as a pretext of changing his titles from that of mere Secretary General of the Communist Party and  President of the State Council to that of  &#8220;President of Romania&#8221;. Such momentous political event required an excuse to allocate himself a symbolic insignia of office . So the &#8216;new&#8217; President of Romania  awarded himself a ceremonial baton,  which was none other than <span style="color: #ff0000;">Marshall Antonescu</span>&#8216;s &#8211; Romania&#8217;s dictator  during WWII: no inhibitions here, but who cared about such historical details?</p>
<div id="attachment_2963" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 190px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Ferdinand.Sceptre.JPG.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-2963" title="Ferdinand.Sceptre.JPG" src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Ferdinand.Sceptre.JPG.jpg" alt="" width="180" height="309" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">HM King Ferdinand of Romannia Sceptre: Ceausescu preferred Marshall Antonescu&#39;s baton</p></div>
<p>Such &#8220;momentous&#8221; historical event (of &#8220;global&#8221; scale) had to be feted by all Heads of State around the world, who hastened to send Ceuasescu telegrams of congratulations&#8230; The political farce did not escape the sense of humour of Salvador Dali; the Catalan artist and wit sent Ceuasescu a telegram of congratulations praising the  Communist leader for his adoption of a <a title="Scepter" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scepter">scepter</a> as part of his regalia. The Romanian daily newspaper <em><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sc%C3%AEnteia">Scînteia</a></em> published it, without suspecting its mocking aspect. The jibe did not escape the Romanian public which caused the communist daily&#8217;s editor to be sacked: too little, too late, as the damage was already inflicted!</p>
<div id="attachment_2992" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 244px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/dali.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-2992" title="dali" src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/dali-234x300.jpg" alt="" width="234" height="300" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Salvador Dali poked fun at Ceausescu for &quot;awarding himself a sceptre&quot;</p></div>
<p>There was a glaring complicity between  the two dictators, Bokassa and Ceuasescu: in spite of being  worlds apart, they had a lot in common, in particular the cunning of the  small-time village satrap, overblown to parody level. They also shared the same  tribal feeling  by promoting family members in key positions, the  same attraction for all that glittered, the delusions of grandeur.</p>
<div id="attachment_2964" class="wp-caption alignleft" style="width: 238px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Bokassa-coronation.jpg"><img class="size-medium wp-image-2964" title="Coronation of Emperor Bokassa I" src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Bokassa-coronation-228x300.jpg" alt="" width="228" height="300" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bokassa Coronation sceptre inspired Nicolae Ceausescu</p></div>
<p>In  retrospect <span style="color: #ff0000;">Bokassa</span> outwitted all his contemporaries, including his French masters and  returned from his  exile in France (where he was kept prisoner in a gilded cage &#8211; a chateau in the middle of nowhere), to be allowed to die a revered village elder in his native  country.  By contrast <span style="color: #ff0000;">Ceausescu</span> was less astute than his African pal: Nick and Elena were outfoxed by their trusted lieutenants, who  had them summarily &#8216;judged&#8217; by a kangoroo Court and hastily dispatched in a carnage redolent of the parodic shoots of Carpathian bear in Romania&#8217;s mountains.<br />
Both Nicolae and Elena claimed their  innocence during their farcical  trial of 1989, but nobody came to  rescue the once feted Hero, hailed in dithyrambic verse by his Court Poet, <span style="color: #ff0000;">Adrian Paunescu</span>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p id="yui_3_3_0_1_13019139012911381"><em>&#8220;We love Him because this Country is free under the sun<br />
The People of this country are free and the real leader<br />
We love him because He embodies the conscience of the Working people<br />
And that he makes us proud that as a man He is Romanian&#8221;</em></p>
<p>Reallly, incredible as it is in retrospect, the above ditty might  have been more suitable if it was dedicated to Emperor Bokassa instead: sadly, Adrian Paunescu, Ceausescu&#8217;s fawning Court jester,  had to make do with a &#8216;second best&#8217;!</p></blockquote>
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		<title>Moartea martirică a Părintelui Arsenie Boca (1910-28. XI.1989) &#8211; The Martyrdom of rev. Arsenie Boca</title>
		<link>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/04/moartea-martirica-a-parintelui-arsenie-boca-1910-28-xi-1989-the-martyrdom-of-rev-arsenie-boca/</link>
		<comments>http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/2011/04/moartea-martirica-a-parintelui-arsenie-boca-1910-28-xi-1989-the-martyrdom-of-rev-arsenie-boca/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 01 Apr 2011 11:29:15 +0000</pubDate>
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				<category><![CDATA[Diary]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OPINION]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[PEOPLE]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA["Arsenie Boca"]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA["Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba"]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ceausescu]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Martir]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Securitae]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[“ În 1989 părintele Arsenie spunea celor apropiaţi: ‘nu mă mai vedeţi în curând că aştia mă termină’. În ultimii ani celor de la conducere le era foarte teamă de părintele Arsenie. Era ţinut în satul Drăgănescu iar intrările în sat erau păzite zi şi noapte de Securitate (..). Ultimele momente şi le-a petrecut  la Sinaia. Trebuie neapărat să scrieţi asta. Am fost la el împreună cu parintele Dometie care a fost ţinut acolo timp de o săptămână şi jumătate. Si nu i-au dat voie să vorbească cu el. Maica de acolo ne spunea că e la Drăgănescu. Părintele Arsenie avea însă un căţel mic, flocos, negru. Unde era părintele, acolo era şi căţelul. Când am văzut căţelul, mi-am dat seama că este acolo. În cele din urmă ni s-a spus că este bolnav şi că nu poate vedea pe nimeni. I se poate trimite doar un pomelnic sau o scrisoare… După trei zile ni s-a spus că a murit părintele. L-au adus şi era aşa cum era: TORTURAT şi CHINUIT. Se vedea la degete şi la faţă faptul că a fost torturat. Eu am fost la înmormântare şi am văzut: unghiile de la două degete îi erau pur şi simplu zmulse…Toate acestea s-au petrecut pentru că a prezis căderea şi moartea lui Ceauşescu. Nu mi-e frică să spun adevărul, chiar dacă unii mai vor să ascundă acest lucru. Puteţi fi şi un om trimis de cei care l-au torturat şi acum vor cu orice preţ să ascundă adevărul. Eu spun adevărul pe faţă, pentru că mulţi îl ştiu, dar nu îl spun”. ]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p style="text-align: center;">Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba</p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong>Moartea martirică a Părintelui Arsenie Boca (1910-28. XI.1989), un adevăr ascuns la Centenarul sărbătorit la M-rea Brâncoveanu</strong></span></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #ff0000;"><strong> </strong></span></p>
<div id="attachment_2942" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 570px"><strong><strong><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/sambatadesus.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-2942" title="sambatadesus" src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/sambatadesus.jpg" alt="" width="560" height="402" /></a></strong></strong><p class="wp-caption-text">Sambata-de-Sus Monastery - founded in 1696 by  Prince-Martyr St. Constantin Brancovan</p></div>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><strong>Motto: </strong></p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote><p><em>“despre sfinţi, despre o personalitate [ca a Părintelui Arsenie Boca] nu ne interesează câte ore, de ce şi unde a fost închis” </em></p></blockquote>
<blockquote><p>(Î.P.S Laurenţiu Streza).</p>
<p>Intre surprizele internetului se află pe un site povestea morţii martirice a părintelui ieromonah <span style="color: #ff0000;">Arsenie Boca</span>. În mod curios, în nici unul din cele trei volume ale Părintelui Arsenie Boca îngrijite de <span style="color: #ff0000;">P.S. Daniil Stoenescu</span> (Cărarea împărăţiei, Deva, 2004 şi 2006; “Cuvinte vii”, Deva, 2006; Biserica de la Drăgănescu –“Capela Sixtină” a ortodoxiei româneşti, Deva, 2005) şi nici în volumul care are pe cotor trecut (fără sfială) “Episcop Daniil &#8211; Părintele Arsenie” (Deva, 2008) nu este menţionată moartea martirică şi nici pătimirea Sfântului Ardealului, despre care preotul <span style="color: #ff0000;">Petru Vanvulescu</span> spusese că a murit mucenic şi că</p>
<p><em>“a fost mucenic în fiecare zi, a avut cruce grea, pe măsura harului” </em></p>
<p>(Mărturii din Ţara Făgăraşului despre părintele <span style="color: #ff0000;">Arsenie Boca</span>, Ed. Agathon, Făgăraş, 2004, p. 116).</p>
<p>După ocuparea României de către armata sovietică, părintele ieromonah <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie</span> (care prevăzuse bombardarea Bucureştilor din aprilie 1944) a fost prima oară anchetat în toamna lui 1944 după slujba de la <span style="color: #0000ff;">Sălişte</span>, apoi a fost închis fără vină între 17 iulie –30 iulie 1945, între Sf. Paşti şi august 1948, dus la Canal din 15/16 ianuarie 1951 până pe 23 martie 1952, arestat de Rusalii (7iunie) 1953, închis între 20 sept. 1955 şi 7 aprilie 1956, scos abuziv din preoţie în 1959, urmărit, interogat de Securitate şi hărţuit încontinuu până la moartea sa martirică din 1989, de ziua Cuviosului Mucenic <span style="color: #ff0000;">Ştefan cel Nou</span>, “a cărei mucenicie tocmai o pictase pe absida altarului din <span style="color: #ff0000;">Biserica Drăgănescu</span>” (ibid.).</p>
<p>Deşi sfinţilor li se povesteşte pătimirea pentru care au primit cunună de martiri, <span style="color: #0000ff;">Î.P.S Laurenţiu Streza</span> (Mitropolitul Ardealului) spunea la Centenarul Părintelui <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie Boca </span>organizat de Fundaţia creştină <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie Boca</span> împreună cu <span style="color: #ff0000;">Mânăstirea Brâncoveanu</span> de la <span style="color: #0000ff;">Sâmbăta de Sus </span>că:</p>
<p><em>“despre sfinţi, despre o personalitate [ca a Părintelui <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie Boca</span>] nu ne interesează câte ore, de ce şi unde a fost închis”.</em></p>
<p><em></p>
<div id="attachment_2948" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 290px"><em><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/rev-arsenie-boca1.gif"><img class="size-full wp-image-2948" title="rev arsenie boca" src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/rev-arsenie-boca1.gif" alt="" width="280" height="210" /></a></em><p class="wp-caption-text">Rev. Arsenie Boca (martyred in Nov 1989): &quot;About Saints we are not interested to know how many hours and why they were martyred, or indeed where they were imprisoned&quot; said in his homily Laurentiu Streja, Bishop of Transylvania</p></div>
<p></em></p>
<p><img src="file:///Users/constantinroman/Desktop/rev%20arsenie%20boca.gif" alt="" /></p>
<p>Desigur, pe 25 septembrie 2010 părerea sa era menită să-mi taie mie avântul de a vorbi de pătimirile de o viaţă ale <span style="color: #0000ff;">Sfântului Ardealului</span>, pe care făgărăşenii îl pictează în biserici alături de sfinţii canonizaţi. O tăcere inexplicabilă asupra morţii martirice a sfântului <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie Boca</span> a fost respectată în numărul omagial <span style="color: #ff0000;">Arsenie Boca</span> scos în urmă cu câţiva ani de revista Rost, ca şi în recentele cărţi despre urmărirea de către Securitate a fostului stareţ de la <span style="color: #0000ff;">Sâmbăta,</span> pretexte (poate inconştiente) de a difuza şi unele informaţii măsluite.</p>
<p>In scurta mea interventie de la <span style="color: #0000ff;">Centenarul Părintelui Arsenie Boca</span> (29 sept. 1910-28 nov. 1989) din Aula Academiei de cultură şi religie din cadrul <span style="color: #0000ff;">Mânăstirii Brâncoveanu</span> de la Sâmbăta de Sus am atras atenţia asupra modului cum în prefaţa albumului <span style="color: #0000ff;">Biserica de la Drăgănescu </span>(Deva, 2005, p. 11-13), îngrijitorul volumului a trecut o declaraţie de anchetă poliţienească drept autobiografie a Părintelui Arsenie, fără specificarea provenienţei. Era vorba de prima arestare a ieromonahului <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie Boca,</span> pe atunci stareţ al <span style="color: #0000ff;">Mânăstirii Brâncoveanu.</span> La data arestării, Părintele se afla la <span style="color: #0000ff;">Mânăstirea Bistriţa (Vâlcea)</span> unde fusese invitat să ţină prelegeri. Punând cap la cap nişte informaţii, ajunsesem la concluzia că eliberarea stareţului s-a datorat atunci <span style="color: #0000ff;">Patriarhului Nicodim Munteanu</span> (decedat în condiţii suspecte la începutul anului 1948), care a condiţionat prezenţa preotului <span style="color: #0000ff;">Burducea</span> în Sinodul din 30 iulie 1945 de eliberarea preoţilor arestaţi. Din păcate nu am reuşit să duc ideea până la capăt fiindcă</p>
<div id="attachment_2943" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 310px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Manastirea-Bistrita-Valcea.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-2943" title="Manastirea Bistrita Valcea" src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Manastirea-Bistrita-Valcea.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="219" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Bistrita Monastery, Co Valcea, Romania, founded in 1495 by Prince VLAD the Monk - ancestor of Prince Charles of Great Britain</p></div>
<p>“despre sfinţi, despre o personalitate [ca a Părintelui <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie Boca</span>] nu ne interesează câte ore, de ce şi unde a fost închis” (<span style="color: #0000ff;">Î.P.S Laurenţiu Streza</span>). Din dosarul de Securitate (de peste 1500 de file) intrat de puţină vreme în atenţia cercetătorilor s-a mai fotocopiat prima pagină dintr-o a doua declaraţie semnată pe 23 iulie 1945 care însă n-a mai fost copiată în întregime, spre a se vedea ce informaţii mai fuseseră smulse în urma torturii. Neputând vorbi de pătimirea din detenţie, n-am ajuns nici la pătimirea finală din care i s-a tras Părintelui <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie Boca</span> moartea martirică din 28 noiembrie 1989.<br />
In cele trei volume de <em><span style="color: #0000ff;">mărturii din Ţara Făgăraşului</span></em> (Ed. Agathon, Făgăraş, 2004, 2005 şi 2008), dl ing. <span style="color: #0000ff;">Ion Cişmileanu</span> inserează şi el povestea schingiuirii de către Securitate a “călugărului iconar” <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie Boca</span> la vârsta de 79 de ani. Despre moartea sa martirică vorbeau pe şoptite toţi cei veniţi în 4 decembrie 1989 la <span style="color: #0000ff;">Prislop </span>la înmormântarea Părintelui. Iată ce spunea călugărul care a fost la Sinaia când a murit Părintele ieromonah <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie Boca</span>, iniţiatorul reînvierii duhovniceşti de la<span style="color: #0000ff;"> Sâmbăta de </span><span style="color: #0000ff;">Sus,</span> care a prevăzut că după moarea sa <em>“ţara va lua foc” </em>[duhovnicesc] de la <span style="color: #0000ff;">Prislop</span>:</p>
<div id="attachment_2944" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 533px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/prislop02.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-2944" title="prislop02" src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/prislop02.jpg" alt="" width="523" height="346" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Prislop Orthodox Monastery (13th c) where Rev Boca is burried following his martyrdom in the hands of the Securitate secret services in Nov, 1989.</p></div>
<p>“<em> În 1989 părintele <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie</span> spunea celor apropiaţi: ‘nu mă mai vedeţi în curând că aştia mă termină’. În ultimii ani celor de la conducere le era foarte teamă de părintele <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie</span>. Era ţinut în satul Drăgănescu iar intrările în sat erau păzite zi şi noapte de Securitate (..). Ultimele momente şi le-a petrecut  la <span style="color: #0000ff;">Sinaia</span>. Trebuie neapărat să scrieţi asta. Am fost la el împreună cu parintele Dometie care a fost ţinut acolo timp de o săptămână şi jumătate. Si nu i-au dat voie să vorbească cu el. Maica de acolo ne spunea că e la Drăgănescu. Părintele <span style="color: #0000ff;">Arsenie </span>avea însă un căţel mic, flocos, negru. Unde era părintele, acolo era şi căţelul. Când am văzut căţelul, mi-am dat seama că este acolo. În cele din urmă ni s-a spus că este bolnav şi că nu poate vedea pe nimeni. I se poate trimite doar un pomelnic sau o scrisoare… După trei zile ni s-a spus că a murit părintele. L-au adus şi era aşa cum era: TORTURAT şi CHINUIT. Se vedea la degete şi la faţă faptul că a fost torturat. Eu am fost la înmormântare şi am văzut: unghiile de la două degete îi erau pur şi simplu zmulse…Toate acestea s-au petrecut pentru că a prezis căderea şi moartea lui <span style="color: #ff0000;">Ceauşescu</span>. Nu mi-e frică să spun adevărul, chiar dacă unii mai vor să ascundă acest lucru. Puteţi fi şi un om trimis de cei care l-au torturat şi acum vor cu orice preţ să ascundă adevărul. Eu spun adevărul pe faţă, pentru că mulţi îl ştiu, dar nu îl spun”. </em></p>
<p>Transcrierea începutului interviului figurează şi pe un alt site ca interviu luat în toamna lui 2007 de dl <span style="color: #ff0000;">Claudiu Târziu</span>, directorul <em>Revistei Rost</em>. Numai că pe blogul acestuia,  spusele din partea finală pe care le-am citat mai sus nu apar (sic!).</p></blockquote>
<p><span style="color: #0000ff;"><strong>Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba</strong></span></p>
<p><a title="Isabela Vasiliu-Scraba" href="http://isabelavs.blogspot.com">http://isabelavs.blogspot.com</a></p>
<div id="attachment_2945" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 693px"><a href="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/manastirea-sinaia.jpg"><img class="size-full wp-image-2945" title="manastirea sinaia" src="http://www.romanianstudies.org/content/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/manastirea-sinaia.jpg" alt="" width="683" height="450" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Sinaia Monastery in the Carpathians founded by Prince Cantacuzino and dedicated to Mt Sinai (1695). Here Rev Arsenie Boca was kept isolated to be martyred by Ceausescu&#39;s secret services in November 1989.</p></div>
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